Ho sheba 'mele oa hao, lesea la hao, le ho feta
Ha u sa tsoa ithuta hore u imme, u se u ntse u le khoeling e le 'ngoe (beke ea 5 ea leeto la hau la libeke tse 40, hore u be hantle). Lebaka la: Ba bangata ba bafani ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba bala bokhachane ho tloha letsatsing la pele la nako ea hau ea ho qetela. Ha le sa le lesea le sa le lesea le thata ho bona ka ultrasound hona joale, empa seo ha se bolele hore ha o utloe ho ba teng ka matšoao a kang mokhathala, ho ba le matsoele le ho nyefoloa ke pelo.
Trimester ea hau: Lilemo tse tharo tsa pele
Libeke ho ea ho: 35
Uena bekeng ena
Ha u le khoeling ka khoeli, mohlomong ha u e-s'o fumane boima ba 'mele leha e le bofe. (Basali ba bangata ba apara ka li-pounds tse 4 ho ea ho tse 4 ho fihlela qetellong ea li-trimester tsa pele.) Leha ho le joalo, monyetla oa hore u hlokometse ho feta ho tloaelehileng. Ha e le hantle, mokhathala o nkoa e le letšoao la bokahohleng ena e sa le nakong ea bokhachane . Sepheo ke (karolo e 'ngoe) lihomone tse bitsoang chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) le progesterone.
Ntho e hlollang ka ho fetisisa ka mokhathala oa hau o sa tsoa phahama ke hore bakhachane ha ba hloke boroko bo eketsehileng. "Allan Hill, MD," e re tšōmo feela, ke mokhoa oa boinotšing oa OB-GYN Los Angeles. "Ho e-na le hoo, mohlomong u ne u lahliloe ke boroko ho qala. Ke feela hore 'mele oa hau o busoa ke hCG, hormone e ke keng ea u lumella hore u se ke ua hlola u e-ba teng. "
Ka nako e le 'ngoe, libeke tse 5 tsa bokhachane, basali ba bang ba ka' na ba hlokomela ho utloa bohloko ha maikutlo (hape ho hlalosoa e le boikutlo ba ho tletse) ka popelong ea bona.
Sena ke se tloaelehileng.
Ngoana oa Hao Bekeng ena
Hoo e ka bang libeke tse hlano, mokotla oa lesea oa ngoana, o tla hōla hore o be le placenta, o atisa ho bonoa ka ultrasound ea transvaginal . Mona, lesela la ultrasound le tla kenngoa ka har'a botšehali ba hau, eseng ka holim'a mpa ea hau. Mokotla o ka fumanoa pele ho lesea.
Empa feela hobane lesea le sa le monyenyane le thata ho le bona-le lengolo la korona-to-rump (CRL) ke lisenthimithara tse 0,18 feela-ha le bolele hore ha ho letho le etsahalang.
Nakong ena, lesea le e-ba le lesea le qala ho lelefala 'me le nka ponahalo ea tadpole, ka karolo e' ngoe, ho nts'etsopele ea tube ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea neural tube e tsamaeang ho tloha holimo ho ea tlase ho lesea. (This tube e tla hōla e be mokokotlo le boko.) Ho na le blip e nyenyane bohareng ba lesea le sa tsoa emoloa le tla tloha le fetoha pelo ea ngoana.
Hona joale, boholo ba litho tsa lesea la hao-joaloka pelo, mala le sebete-li qala ho fetoha. 'Me ho joalo le ho tsamaiso ea masea, ho potoloha le ho tšoha.
Ho Ofisi ea Ngaka ea hau
Haeba u ithuta hore u imme nako efe kapa efe pakeng tsa August le February, buisana le setsebi sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo mabapi le ho fumana ts'oaetso. CDC e bolela hore ha e bolokehe feela empa e khothalletsoa hore bakhachane ba fumane ente e entsoeng ke mafu a feberu nakong efe kapa efe ea likhoeli tse tharo ho itšireletsa le masea a bona ho tsoa ho mafu.
Leha ho le joalo, hase liente tsohle tse fanang ka keletso nakong ea hau ea pele ea boraro . Hona joale, lesea le sa tsoa emoloa le kotsing haholo ho likokoana-hloko, kahoo ha ua tšoanela ho fumana liente tsa bophelo ba kokoana-hloko, joaloka maselese, limps, ente ea rubella (MMR) kapa ente ea varicella (pouckenpox).
Maeto a Ngaka a tlang
Le ha u ntse u tsepamisitse maikutlo haholo-holo ho etsa lenaneo-le ho ea ho khethoa ha hao pele ho bokhachane, ho na le ketelo e 'ngoe ea ngaka eo u lokelang ho e hlahloba hona joale: ' Mè oa meno . Ha e le hantle, American Association of Dental Association, American Congress of Litsebi Tsa Mahlale le Gynecologists, le American Academy of Pediatrics li khothalletsa basali ho bona ngaka ea meno ha ba le moimana.
Lebaka: Liphetoho tse tšoanang tsa li-hormone tse hlahisang ho nyefoloa ke pelo le ho ruruha ha matsoele li ka baka ho ruruha ha gomme ( bokhachane gingivitis ). Haeba e hlokomolohuoa, bokhachane gingivitis e ka lebisa ho nako e kholo ea tšoaetso ea gum, e leng se eketsang monyetla oa ho hlaha pele ho lesea.
Ho Hlokomela
Ha o ntse o lokela ho ameha ka ho ja lijo tse phethehileng, ho fapana le ho sebetswa, ho kenngoa liphutheloana, ho ntse ho na le dikgetho tse itseng tse lokelang ho qojoa nakong ea bokhachane . Li-hitters tse kholo li kenyeletsa tse latelang, kaha li na le libaktheria tse ka ba kotsi ho lesea le ntseng le hōla.
Lijo tse sa hloekisoang, tse kang Brie le feta
Lijo tse mafura; pâté; lijo tsa lijo (ntle le ha li chesoa)
Lijo tse hlabosang tsa tlhapi (ntle le tse phehiloeng ka casserole kapa ka makotikoting); tlhapi e nang le litebelisoa tse phahameng tsa mercury, joaloka swordfish, tilefish, shark le mackerel
Empa ho senya litlhapi tsohle ha ho bohlale ho tsamaea, kaha saalmon, sardine, anchovies le herring kaofela li ruile mafura a omega-3 a mafura , e tlatsetsang ho bophelo bo botle ba boko ba 'mele le nts'etsopele. Tuna e boetse e na le botebo bo bongata bo nang le omegas ea ho haha boko, empa ho na le ho ameha ka mercury , kaha li-tunas tse ling li laetsoe ke chefo le tse ling ha li joalo. Ka mohlala, tuna e entsoeng ka makotikoting (ho akarelletsa le skipjack) e nkoa e le khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea tuna ea FDA. Albacore (kapa e tšoeu) tuna le yellowfin tuna li ntse li le hantle, empa tuna e kholo e lokela ho qojoa. Qetellong, ho sireletsehile ho khomarela li-servitude tse peli ho tse tharo tsa tuna e khantšitsoeng ka makotikotlong kapa 1 ho sebetsa ha litlhapi tsa Albacore ka beke.
Ka ntle ho tuna, ho na le lijo tse ling le lino tse ling tse nkoang li le kotsi, empa li hlile li le ntle ha li ka sebelisoa hantle. Tsena li kenyelletsa:
Li-shell, tse kang shrimp le lobster
Mahe (ntle le haeba e le tala)
Litlhapi tsa li-sushi (ntle le haeba li entsoe lijong tsa leoatleng tse phahameng)
Ho na le phepo e ngata ea caffeine-200 mg ho ea ho 300 mg, kapa e le 'ngoe kapa tse peli tse ounce ea linoelo tsa kofi-le eona e sireletsehile ka ho phethahetseng, joalo ka li-tea tsa litlama.
Hape ha ho hlokahale hore u qobe lijo tse amanang le ho kula, joaloka linate, lebese le koro, ntle le haeba u hlile u na le bothata. Ho se je tsena nakong ea bokhachane ha bo sireletse ngoana oa hao hore a se ke a hlaphoheloa kelellong-e hlile e etsa se fapaneng. Ho feta moo, tlaleho ea 2014 ho JAMA Pediatrics e re ho ja likhau nakong ea bokhachane ho hlile ho eketsa ho mamelleha ha meriana le ho fokotsa kotsi ea lijo tsa bana.
Tlhokomelo e khethehileng
Ke habohlokoa hore basali ba bakhachane ba qobe ho ea libakeng tsa United States le lefatšeng lohle moo ho nang le kotsi ea ho fumana tšoaetso ea Zika. Lefu le tšoaetso e bakoang ke feberu e 'nile ea amahanngoa le mefokolo e mengata ea ho tsoala, ho akarelletsa le microcephaly, moo masea a bang le menyetla e nyenyane-ho feta-e tloaelehileng le ho senya boko.
Zika e alasoa ke menoang ea Aedes le ka ho kopanela liphate le mokha o tšoaetsanoang. Hobane ha ho na ente e sa phekoleheng, ke habohlokoa haholo ho hlahloba Litsebiso tsa Bophelo ba TravelCCD ho bona libaka tsa hona joale moo kokoana-hloko ea Zika e jalang. Haeba o tlameha ho ea sebakeng seo Zika kotsi e leng sona, bua le ngaka pele. Ithute ho thibela litlolo tsa menoang le ho itšireletsa ha u kopanela liphate.
Bakeng sa Basebetsi
Ho ikoetlisa ke ntho ea bohlokoa nakong ea pele ea boraro le nakong eohle ea bokhachane. Ha e le hantle, tlaleho ea American College of Obstetrics le Gynecology e tlaleha hore basali ba bangata ba immeli ba lokela ho ikoetlisa ka tsela e itekanetseng metsotso e 20 ho isa ho e 30, matsatsi a mangata.
Dr. Hill o re: "Le hoja ho ikoetlisa ho bontšitsoe ho thusa ka ho nyekeloa ke pelo ka ho lokolla endorphin ea tlhaho, basali ba bang ba ikutloa ba imetsoe haholo ho e etsa. Tharollo: Qala lijo tsa morao-rao kapa tsa hoseng ho tsamaea le molekane oa hau. Lipatlisiso li bontša hore banyalani ba ikutloa ba khotsofetse haholo kamanong ea bona ha ba kopanela boithabisong bo thabisang ba 'mele hammoho. Ho feta moo, ho tla u fa monyetla oa ho imeloa kelellong. Qetellong, ha u qala mokhoa o phelisang hantle le o matlafatsang kamano hona joale, u ka 'na ua e khomarela ka mor'a hore lesea le hlahe.
Lenane la ho sheba haholo
- Etsa kopano ea meno.
- Hlophisa mafu a fefo, ha ho hlokahala.
- Tsoela pele ho nka livithamine tsa pelehi .
- Reka tse ling tse hloekileng, lijo tsohle ha u reka mabenkeleng.
- Reka lieta tse ntle tsa ho tsamaea. (Ho fumana boima ba 'mele, ho ruruha, le ho ima ho hong ho ka fella ka bohloko ba maoto, li-sneakers tse thusang ke tsa bohlokoa.)
Bekeng e fetileng: beke ea 4
Ho tla holimo: Beke ea 6
> Mehloli:
> Allison Hill, MD ea puisano ea imeile. October, November 2017.
> Aron A, Norman CC. Banyalani 'ba arolelana karolo mesebetsing e ncha le e tsosang takatso le kamano ea kamano e nang le phihlelo. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2000 Feb; 78 (2): 273-84. http://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037/0022-3514.78.2.273
> Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. Boloetse ba liente tsa tšireletso le ho ima. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/vaccine/qa_vacpregnant.htm
> Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. Boitsebiso ba Tsamaiso ea Tsamaea. https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/zika-information
> Downs DS, Chasan-Taber L. Mosebetsi oa boipheliso le bokhachane: > Bopaki ba nakong e fetileng le ba kajeno le Likeletso tsa nakong e tlang. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2012 Dec; 83 (4): 485-502. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3563105/
> Frazier AL, Camargo CA Jr. Sepheo sa ho ithuta ka ho se sebelisoe ha > linate kapa linate tsa sefate ke bo-'mè le kotsing ea peanut kapa sefate sa linate ho bana ba bona. JAMA Pediatr. 2014; 168 (2): 156-62. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/1793699
> Tsamaiso ea Tsamaiso ea Lijo le Meriana ea US. Ho ja Litlhapi: Bakhachane le Batsoali ba Lokelang ho Tseba Joang. https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Food/FoodborneIllnessContaminants/Metals/UCM537120.pdf