Litemiso tsa ho entoa li fapana ho ea ka linaha, 'me hangata, kemiso e khothalletsoang e itšetlehile ka mofuta oa ente, lefu lena le entsoeng bakeng sa, le lilemo tsa ngoana eo ente e ka e sebelisang haholo. Liente li etselitsoe ho sireletsa masea le bana ha ba le tlokotsing haholo (e leng ts'ebetsong ea bophelo) le pele ba pepesehetse maloetse a sokelang bophelo.
Kemiso ea thibelo ea thibelo ea bana
Lenane la morao-rao ea ente le khothalletsoang bana ke Li-Centers for Control Disease, American Academy of Pediatrics le Komiti ea Boeletsi ea Litloaelo tsa ho Koetlisa, e re nakong eo bana ba United States ba qalang kereche, ba lokela ho fumana:
- Meriana e 3 ea thibelo ea hepatitis B
- Meriana e 2 kapa e 3 ea ente ea oral rotavirus (Rotarix kapa RotaTeq)
- Meriana e 5 ea ente ea DTaP
- Meriana e 3 kapa 4 ea thibelo ea Hib
- 4 tekanyo ea ente ea Prevnar 13
- Meriana e 4 ea ente ea polio
- Meriana e 2 ea ente ea MMR
- Meriana e 2 ea ente ea "poux pox" (Varivax)
- Meriana e 2 ea ente ea hepatitis A
- liente tsa mafu a selemo le selemo, li fumaneha joaloka spray hang ha bana ba ka ba le lilemo tse peli
Palo ea litekanyetso tse hlokahalang bakeng sa li-rotavirus le Hib li itšetlehile ka hore na ke mofuta ofe oa ente e sebelisoang. Meriana e seng mekae e hlokahalang bakeng sa liente tsa Rotarix (rotavirus) le PedvaxHIB le Comvax (Hib).
Bana ba ka boela ba fumana letšoao le fokolang haeba li-vaccine tse kopanetsoeng li sebelisoa, tse kang:
- Pediarix, motsoako oa DTaP, IPV, le thibelo ea hepatitis B
- ProQuad , motsoako oa MMR le Varivax
- Pentacel, motsoako oa DTaP, IPV, le Hib
- Kinrix , motsoako oa DTaP le IPV
Bana ba lokela ho ba le bo-'mampoli ha ba le lilemo li 11 ho ea ho tse 12:
- Tekanyo e le 'ngoe ea Tdap
- Tekanyo e le 'ngoe ea Menactra kapa Menveo, e nang le tekanyo e kholo ea lilemong tse 16
- Meriana e 3 ea kokoana-hloko ea HPV (banana feela)
Lipalo tsa ho entoa
Tsela e 'ngoe ea ho nahana ka kemiso ea ente ke hore ka nako eo ba qalang ka eona, bana ba bangata ba tla fumana meriana e mengata ea liente tse 10 ho ba sireletsa khahlanong le mafu a 14 a thibeloang ke ente .
Ke hobane'ng ha ho le joalo ho feta ho thibela liente ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-1980 ha bana ba e-na le meno e 10 feela ea liente (1983) kapa li-11 tsa liente tse 4 (1989)?
Ha e le hantle, ba ne ba e-na le li-shots tse fokolang ka nako eo, empa lipalo-palo tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke lipeo tse phahameng haholo tsa mafu a mangata ao hona joale a ka thibeloang ka liente tseo batho (haholo-holo bana ba bang) ba li fumanang selemo le selemo pele ho etsoa ente ea tšireletso. joaloka:
- Pneumonia, meningitis, le tšoaetso ea mali ho tsoa mabaktheria a Streptococcus pneumoniae - linyeoe tse 63 077 le ba 6 500 ba shoeleng
- Meningitis, epiglottitis, le mafu a mang a tebileng a tsoang ho haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) libaktheria - linyeoe tse 20 000 le bafu ba 1 000
- Hepatitis A - linyeoe tse 117 333, li-hospitali 6,863 le ba shoeleng ba 137
- Hepatitis B - linyeoe tse 66 232, li-hospitali tse 7 340, le ba 237 ba shoang
- Rotavirus gastroenteritis - linyeoe tse limilione tse 3, li-hospitalizations tse 70, le batho ba 20 ho isa ho 60 ba shoang
- Chickenpox - linyeoe tse ka holimo ho limilione tse 4, li-hospitalizations tse 10 000 le batho ba 100 ba bolailoeng
Kamoo Europe e Etsoang kateng
Ha e le hantle, ha ho motho e mong le e mong lefatšeng ea latelang lenaneo la ho thibela liente tsa CDC. Batho ba bang ba rata ho bontša hore linaha tse ling li na le mananeo a ente ka liente tse fokolang, tse kang Denmark, Sweden, Finland le Iceland. Empa na lipampiri tsa bona tsa ente li fapane?
Ho ea ka Mokhatlo oa Sechaba oa Bophelo le Boiketlo ba Sechaba Sweden, bana bohle "ba fuoa thibelo khahlanong le maloetse a mahlano a tebileng: lefu la diphate, tetanase, ho khohlela, polio, tšoaetso ea Hib (tšoaetso ea haemophilius mofuta oa B), tšoaetso ea pneumococcal, masopong, masapo le rubella Ho tloha ka la 1 January, 2010, banana bohle ba tsoaloang ka 1999 kapa hamorao ba fuoa thibela khahlanong le tšoaetso le papillomavirus ea motho (HPV).
Bana ba kotsing e kholo ea tšoaetso kapa mafu a tebileng ba fuoa thibelo ea thibelo ea lefu la sebete, lefuba, mafu a feberu le tšoaetso ea pneumococcal (haeba e se e se e entsoe joaloka masea). "
Hape ho ea ka Lenaneo la Sechaba la Phomolo la Finland, bana ba Finland ba fumana thibelo ea rotavirus, DTaP, IPV (polio), Hib, MMR, ente ea pneumococcal conjugate, le ente ea selemo le selemo. Bana ba lihlopha tse kotsing haholo ba entoa khahlanong le lefuba (BCG), lefu la sebete la mofuta oa B, le lefu la hepatitis A.
Iceland e ekelitse ente ea thibelo ea Streptococcus pneumoniae lenaneong la tsona la ho entoa, 'me ba bang ba ithuta ho e eketsa kapele.
Ka hona phapang e kholo lenaneong la liente tsa Europe tsa ho entoa ke ho haella ha ente ea thibelo ea khōhō le thibelo ea thibelo ea lefu la sebete le lefu la hepatitis B, ha re ntse re sebelisa mananeo a ho thibela mafu a thibeloang ke ente ka mor'a boiteko bo fetileng ba ho thibela liente.
Sena se utloahala, kaha:
- Hepatitis A ha e sebetse linaheng tse ngata tsa Europe
- Hangata lefu la Hepatitis B le fumanoa lihlopheng tse nang le likotsi tse hlakileng haholo linaheng tse ngata tsa Europe
Leha ho le joalo, linaha tse ngata, tse kang Spain, li se li fane ka thibelo ea lefu la hepatitis B, li qala ho fana ka thibelo ea HPV ho banana ba lilemong tsa bocha, esita le ho fana ka ente ea likhoho ho bacha ha ba e-s'o ka ba e-ba le likhoho.
Linaha tse ngata tsa Europe li sa ntse li ithuta ka kotsing ea ho hlahloba melemo ea ho sebelisa thibelo ea rotavirus kamehla.
Ntho e khōlō ea ho nka e tsoang linaheng tse ling hase hore li sebelisa li-shots tse seng kae; ke mosebetsi o motle oo ba o etsang ho thibela bana ba bona. Finland, lipalo-palo tsa ho thibela liente li bontša hore karolo ea 98 ho isa ho 99 lekholong ea bana e entsoe.
Hape, linaha tse ngata li na le litemiso tsa ente tse batlang li tšoana le lenane la ho thibela liente tsa CDC. Ho tloha ka 2007, masea a Australia, ka mohlala, a fumane liente tse hlano lilemong tsa likhoeli tse peli, joalo ka United States-hepB, DTaP, Hib, IPV, Prevnar 7, le vaccine ea rotavirus.
Mekhoa e meng ea ho fumana liente
Merero e meng ea ho entoa eo batho ba bang ba tsoelang pele ho e kenyelletsa e kenyeletsa:
- Lenane la ho thibela Li-user-Friendly-Ho tloha lilemong tse peli, ka nako e le 'ngoe, o fumana motho ka mong pertussis (acellular pertussis), diphtheria, tetanase, ebe IPV (polio) e thunya likhoeli tse ling le tse ling tse tšeletseng, le hoja motho e mong le e mong oa pertussis, diphtheria le tetanus ha li sa fumaneha
- Dr. Bob's Alternative Vaccine Schedule -Ke libaka tse thibelang liente e le hore masea a se ke a fumana tse fetang tse peli ka nako, empa a tlameha ho phalla khoeli le khoeli ho e-na le hoo, a liehe ho fokotsa lefu la sebete la A le lefu la hepatitis B ho fihlela bana ba se ba hōlile, li-bumps, le li-shoella tsa rubella ho e-na le li-vaccine tsa MMR
Batsoali ba lokela ho utloisisa hore ho sa tsotellehe kemiso e meng e ka fokotsa litla-morao, kapa hona ho sireletsa tšoaetso e thibeloang ke thibelo ea thibelo (ho lieha ho fumana letšoao ho ka thibela ngoana oa hao hore a se sireletsehe le ho ipeha kotsing ea ho fumana tšoaetso ea thibelo ea thibelo), ha e fumanoe ebile ha e na tšoaetso.
Lisebelisoa:
Setsi sa Tlhokomelo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. Machaba a 2016 a Hlomelitsoeng ho Koetlisoa ka Makhetlo a Batho ba Hōlileng 0 Ka Lilemo tse 18.
Sekolo sa Amerika sa Pediatrics. Kemiso ea ho entoa.
Lefapha la Bophelo la Australia le Bophelo bo Botsofali. Lenane la Kemiso ea Ts'oaetso ea Sechaba.
Setsi sa Sechaba sa Bophelo le Boiketlo ba Finland. Liente ho Finland.
Nako e telele: Melao-motheo le mekhoa ea mafu a mafu a tšoaetsanoang Phetolelo e ntlafalitsoeng, 3rd ed. - 2009.
MMWR: Boikarabelo ba ho thibela likhutsana tsa naha, tsa naha le tsa libaka har'a bana ba lilemo li 19-35 Likhoeli - United States, 2009. MMWR. La 17 September, 2010/59 (36); 1171-1177.
Lekhotla la Sechaba la Bophelo le Boiketlo ba Sweden. Liente tsa Sweden.